Essay about The Development of Emotional Intelligence

DEVELOPMENT OF EI The development of Emotional Intelligence requires a recognition of ones own strengths and limitations, an exploration of how current decisions are framed through beliefs and prior experiences, and the actualisation of potential by using the greater self knowledge gained. However, in a report by the Institute of Management (2002) research showed that the quality of leadership in the workplace was poor. Further, the research reinforces a positive relationship between financial turnover and the priority given to leadership development (Institute of Management, 2002). Fifty-five percent of those questioned gave the characteristic of being inspiring as the most important attribute of leadership, but only eleven percent say†¦show more content†¦Leaderships underlying constructs are inspiration and individualised consideration, entailing shifts in the beliefs, needs and values of the followers (Fiedler, 1996). The transforming leaders behaviours emanate from deeply held beliefs an d values, such as justice and integrity (Fiedler, 1996). Fiedler (1996) argues that past research into leadership has been focused on traits and abilities, and that the most important lesson over the past forty years is that the leadership of groups and organisations is a highly complex interaction between the individual and the social and task environment. Therefore, it could be argued that Leadership research has overlooked Leadership being a social process. How well the leaders particular style, abilities, and background contribute to performance is largely contingent on the control and influence the leadership situation provides. As Feidler (1996) states, if leadership was easy to understand, we would have all the answers long before now. The leadership processes are highly complex. This principle still has to be translated into practice. Fiedler (1996) goes on to say we cannot make leaders more intelligent or more creative, but we can design situations that allow leaders to utilise their intellectual abilities, expertise and experience more effectively. In this highly competitive age, this is likely to be of considerable practical importance. Nevertheless, as Goleman (2000) argues, effective leadership stillShow MoreRelatedEmotional Intelligence And Leadership Development867 Words   |  4 PagesEmotional Intelligence A leader s success hinges on the degree of emotional intelligence (EI) the individual possesses. The ability to manage one s emotions and correctly identify another s emotions is a critical skill all leaders must have. Leaders of teams must have the capacity to control their emotions during times of stress; and, have the ability to listen to and empathize with others to ensure employee satisfaction and engagement. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate this writer sRead MoreEmotional Intelligence On The Early Childhood Development2293 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract Emotional Intelligence assessments have been used to predict a person’s success or failure in regard to school, business and life. There are many studies that provide evidence of the benefits of emotional intelligence to children, adults, parents and employees. A child’s emotions are often treated as petty, irrational and immature, when it is during childhood that children need to be taught how to deal with emotions. The objective of this paper is to give significant evidence that thereRead MoreEmotional Intelligence: Leadership Assessment and Development 1923 Words   |  8 Pages Leadership Assessment and Development Paper I had no clue how the online assessments that I took would help me, like any other person would think. But later, when I took the tests, I realized the importance of these assessments which gave me an insight of my true self, and helped me pin point my strengths and weaknesses in almost every department. These assessments helped me connect more to myself and the people around me. In this paper, I am going to discuss all the results from the various testsRead MoreOrganizational and Professional Development1519 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional Development Introduction Social intelligence has been defined as the ability to understand and manage other people, and to engage in adaptive social interactions like making them to get along with you. Social intelligence entails a persons awareness to a situation and the social dynamics that accompany the situation and the knowledge of the strategies and interaction style, that, he/she can use to achieve the desired objective while dealing with others (Bob, 2008). Social intelligence hasRead MoreEmotional Intelligence866 Words   |  4 PagesThe importance of Emotional Intelligence is something that needs to be recognized. Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess, and control the emotions of oneself, and others. Emotional intelligence is a central parent of our everyday lives, both in professional and personal enviornments , and as such it is important to become aware of exactly how you rate your own emotional intelligence. After the the emotional intelligence test that was provided on www.ihhp.com/testsites.htm,Read MoreEmotional Intelligence Impact An Employees Communication And Success1329 Words   |  6 Pageswill address how emotional intelligence impacts an employees’ communication and success in an organization. Recognizing, understanding and managing the verbal and non-verbal emotions of themselves and others can positively impact their performance and the organizations. Emotional intelligence could be the missing link from taking an organization from good to great. Emotional Intelligence: The Missing Link The understanding of how individuals with average intellectual intelligence (IQ) could outperformRead MoreEmotional Intelligence and Athletic Performance1744 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex emotions, how emotions are affected by events surrounding experiences, and whether various emotional reactions are likely in given social settings. Regulating emotions encompasses the control of emotions in oneself and in others. An individual’s emotional intelligence is an indication of how he or she perceives, understands, and regulates emotions. In sum, emotional intelligence is a form of intelligence that involves â€Å"the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminateRead MoreLanguage Development Of Language And The Processing Speed1635 Words   |  7 PagesEarly language development predicts the amount of vocabulary knowledge as the child develops and is a key factor that is linked with later academic achievement (Pungello et al., 2009; Weisleder Fernald, 2013). Also, background factors must be analyzed and assessed, in order to understand how language growth differs from one child to the next. Exposure to speech is very important and helps influence early development of language and the processing speed (Fernald, Marchman, Wielder, 2013 as citedRead MoreStudies in Emotional Intelligence1467 Words   |  6 Pagesthe concept of emotional intelligence, and with that growth is a gap between what we know and what we need to know. In the article, Emotional Intelligence: Issues and Common Misunderstandings, Robert J. Emmerling and Daniel Goleman inquire as to what emotional intelligence is, how it differs from other established constructs within psychology, whether or not it can be developed, whether or not it can be a better predictor of work performance than traditional measures of intelligence, whether or notRead More Studies in Emotional Intelligence Essay1445 Words   |  6 PagesStudies in Emotional Intelligen ce There is a growing interest in the concept of emotional intelligence, and with that growth is a gap between what we know and what we need to know. In the article, Emotional Intelligence: Issues and Common Misunderstandings, Robert J. Emmerling and Daniel Goleman inquire as to what emotional intelligence is, how it differs from other established constructs within psychology, whether or not it can be developed, whether or not it can be a better predictor of work

Conflict Resolution Essay - 1288 Words

A group can only be called a team if the members are actively working together toward a common goal. A team must have the capability to set goals, make decisions, solve problems, and share responsibilities. For a team to be successful, trust must be earned between its members by being consistent and reliable (Temme Katzel, 2005). When more than one person is working on a particular task, inconsistent views or opinions commonly arise. People come from different backgrounds and live through different life experiences therefore, even when working towards a common goal, they will not always see eye to eye. Major conflict that is not dealt with can devastate a team or organization (Make Conflict Work, 2008). In some situations, conflict can†¦show more content†¦The idea of conflict under this view brings to mind chaos, heated emotion, and high stress. The traditional mindset requires taking all necessary steps to prevent and remove the source of the conflict that may be detrimen tal to the team. The human relations view understands that conflict is inevitable and part of the natural process of interactions. The human relations view is a more neutral outlook, which allows conflict and is tolerant of its presents. One that comes from this perspective expects conflict in a team setting and is more likely to resolve the issue when it arises rather than trying to eliminate the source. The interactionist view considers conflict to be energizing and helpful in keeping constructive discussion going. The interactionist view is a positive view that encourages opinions and expression of all members of an association. Conflict is considered a positive influence towards change. Causes for Conflict Barbara Bowes discusses three major causes for conflict: different interests/goals, conflicting values, and interpersonal styles (2008). Even though a team has the same ultimate goal, the intermediate steps to reach this goal may be unparallel. Imagine if Ray Kroc, fast-food restaurateur, and a gourmet chef teamed up to open a restaurant. What conflicts might transpire? The team may have the same definitive goal in mind, but the two would more than likely be dealing with the issue of quality versus convenience. The secondShow MoreRelatedConflict Resolution : Conflicts Resolution988 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to conflict resolution there are several ways to handle this. There’ve been several times that I’ve had to deal with conflict resolution. Conflict resolution also has several tips that you can learn to be able to handle a conflict. A conflict resolution can be handled in a positive way or a negative way. What is conflict resolution? In Community Tool Box it states â€Å"Conflict resolution is a way for two or more parties to find a peaceful solution to a disagreement among them. The disagreementRead More Conflict Resolution Essay614 Words   |  3 Pages Conflict Resolution nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What does conflict resolution mean to me? Conflict resolution is when an impartial or neutral person puts a plan into action to resolve and settle issues within an organization or a team. In the business world today a great amount of focus is being placed on employees working as team unit to increase new ideas, distribute more job responsibilities among a larger group, and most important create a unified front and camaraderie. Along with advantagesRead More Conflict Resolution Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pagesprofessional to personal, they are all prone to encountering some form of conflict. John Dewey has designed a problem solving sequence with 6 (six) steps, listed and explained below, to facilitate resolution of these conflicts. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Since the way one deals with conflict within the relationship will affect how the relationship progresses, it is vital that one posse all the necessary skills to resolve conflict in a way that brings satisfaction to everyone involved. Dewey’s stepsRead MoreThe Family Mediation And Conflict Resolution Process4320 Words   |  18 Pagesmediation and conflict resolution process and techniques. The student endeavored on an educational journey to study mediation within the context of families as a means of resolving conflicts without resort to adversarial means such as litigation. Focus and attention was given to family dynamics, child development, the Texas Family Code, family violence, and facilitating of communication and dispute resolution. The components and benefits of family mediation and conflict resolution were introducedRead MoreConflict Resolution934 Words   |  4 Pagesto them she has licence and authority to watch them as she is their supervisor and they have to obey her commands. This statmemt of her escalted the whole issue and continued for a long time. This situation turned in to a big arguments and conflict that it had a great imapct on the productivity of work. There was a big loss of components as they were not able to process in a timely manner. Next day the staff meeting was called on by Manager and all the night staff were called to attendRead MoreConflict Resolution Strategies Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesConflict Resolution Strategies Conflict has long been viewed as negative, and is usually associated with things as trivial as an argument to something as extreme as war, and is seldom seen as beneficial. In the team environment however, conflict can be very beneficial if recognized early and managed properly and can enhance team performance as well as relationships between team members. Conflict is inevitable as humans interact, because not everyone shares the same beliefs, values, opinions, levelRead MoreInterpersonal Communication And Conflict Resolution1439 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch resources that helped me understand my interpersonal communication topic, Conflict Management, and how theories, relevant skills and strategies can play a big role throughout the resolution and frequency of conflict among my peers. Personality Types and Development of Adolescents’ Conflict with Friends This study aimed to examine the developmental pattern of adolescents’ conflict frequency and conflict resolution with their best friends, and differences in these developmental changes betweenRead MoreConflict Resolution1281 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Everyone faces conflict in their lives on a daily basis. It is an accepted and expected part of life. Conflict is not a problem in itself - it is what we do with it that counts. You cant avoid conflict in your life, at home, at work, and even at play. Wherever people interact, there is a potential for conflict. That is not bad news because good things can arise, and relationships can improve through conflict, provided conflict is managed with thought and attention. The bad newsRead MoreThird Party Conflict Resolution2113 Words   |  9 PagesThird Party Conflict Resolution MGT/445 Organizational Negotiations March 11, 2013 | | | | Third Party Conflict Resolution Read MoreConflict Resolution2221 Words   |  9 Pages| | |Lesson 3 | |Win-Win Conflict Resolution | |Introduction | |In Lesson 3 you will learn another communication skill that in conjunction with Empathic Listening and

Cosmetology Essay Example For Students

Cosmetology Essay Outline1 Introduction2 Cosmetology Essay Sample3 Conclusion Introduction From the ancient times, cosmetology has been an inevitable part of society. Although there were no beauty salons and people had a different understanding of beauty, some hairstyles and beauty services that were popular hundreds of years ago remain popular even today. Nevertheless, the notion of cosmetology has been greatly changed since the previous centuries, and modern cosmetology offers a wide range of services for people. The profession of a cosmetologist has become one of the most popular occupations. These days, one may meet a cosmetologist not only in medical establishments and laboratories but also in beauty salons. Whether it is medical or aesthetic cosmetology, it is impossible to imagine our society without services all types of cosmetology have to offer. For sure, such problems as a dry or oily skin do not cause serious discomfort. Nevertheless, cosmetology becomes important when one has received burns or scars and requires the help of a professional. Cosmetology Essay Sample From the very childhood, many people have a strong passion for cosmetology. Being a little child, one may see every day how one’s mom does a make-up, styles one’s hair, or does one’s nails. Because of this fact, from the very childhood, cosmetology becomes an inevitable part of one’s life, and a child probably decides to pursue a career of a cosmetologist to open one’s beauty salon. Even those people who are not interested in this sphere at all once face a question: â€Å"What does beauty mean in our society? How to define whether a person is beautiful?† Fortunately, cosmetology can answer these questions. The thesis statement of this essay is that cosmetology is important to modern society as it helps one to meet beauty standards, contributes to one’s confidence, and increases aesthetic values. The first and probably one of the most important values of cosmetology is that it helps people  meet the standards of society. A specialist in this career helps people to care for their beauty. He or she can handle different problems with one’s skin, hair, or nails. Defining the word a cosmetologist, it may be described as a person who is an expert in a particular area of beauty care and is aware of how to use different beauty treatments. For sure, one can perform beauty procedures not only at a beauty salon but also at home, making one’s hair or putting make-up without the help of a cosmetologist. However, only a cosmetologist helps to minimize the risks one may face while performing beauty self-treatment alone. Especially the chances increase that a person will not only get the desired result but also will make a situation even worse increase when one has no prior experience of dealing with one or that beauty product. Especially one should remember about this potent ial danger when one deals with such beauty procedures as hair color, haircut, and skin-care services. In this case, there are no doubts that the best result can be obtained only with the help of a trained beautician from this career. Secondly, cosmetology contributes to one’s feeling of confidence. A cosmetologist is also a person who, with the help of dedicated work, gives people a chance to get rid of one’s flaws. As might be expected, it eventually helps a person to gain the needed self-confidence. It is also a well-known fact that true beauty is directly related to confidence. It is confidence that increases one’s self-esteem and pride in oneself. For instance, with a beautiful hairstyle and make-up, the chances that a person will conduct business negotiations important for one’s career successfully increase twice. Due to this fact, cosmetology is important as it does not only improve a person from the outside but also changes something from the inside, predetermining ones destiny. It makes a person more confident in the face of any challenge in life. It goes without saying that a person’s appearance can greatly influence how others view his or her, as well as how that parti cular person relates to oneself and one’s beauty. Hence, the work of a cosmetologist is important today as never before as it is the first contributing factor to one’s feeling of confidence. .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed , .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .postImageUrl , .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed , .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:hover , .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:visited , .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:active { border:0!important; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:active , .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u014d42cf3e46bf251b7dbd0146dd9fed:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ethics of Advertising to Children EssayLastly, cosmetology increases the aesthetic values of society. More and more people today are becoming interested in caring for one’s appearance, regardless of the fact whether they decide to work as a cosmetologist or not. Due to this fact, the modern market is full of home beauty products for skin and hair. When a person receives the scholarship to study at a cosmetology school, he or she should remember that the primary value of all cosmetologists is to promote on aesthetic work standards and share them in the community. Also, it should be mentioned that aesthetics is likely to change every year. Therefore, the career of a c osmetologist is probably one of the most fast-developing occupations. A cosmetologist should be aware of all new procedures and techniques to deliver the best possible service and make sure that clients are enjoyed with the results. Therefore, studying at a cosmetology school, every person should learn the effective ways of how to stay up-to-date with the changes in beauty care career. Conclusion In this paper, it was proved that being an inevitable part of society, cosmetology can transform one’s entire life. Due to this fact, these days one may see at least one beauty salon even at the smallest towns.   The career of a cosmetologist increases its popularity in the market. Considering the changing values of the modern community, cosmetology is a work that will always be relevant to the needs of society. Appearance matters a lot in the modern community. Those students who decide to become a cosmetologist should remember that, first of all, cosmetology is not just work. It is rather a passion that every person should have before choosing the cosmetology career path. It is also a unique talent that can change our society for the better.   Therefore, regardless of the challenges one may face at the beginning, the cosmetology career finally pays off.

Moral and ethical concerns of euthanasia in healthcare

Euthanasia is the process by which medical practitioners assist patients to die based on their preference for the same. Sometimes, the patient makes explicit requests for assistance. However, in other situations, the patient may not be in a position to make those demands. Therefore, someone else will make the decision for them. The practice has become a central ethical concern for medical practitioners because technology allows individuals to prolong their lives irrespective of the quality or degree of suffering of the patient.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral and ethical concerns of euthanasia in healthcare specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This matter is a moral question owing to three key questions. A health professional must put into consideration three traits before making the ultimate decisions. First, one must ask whether termination of a patient’s life is ever right even in severe and unceasing pain or terminal illness. If one responds in the affirmative, then one must outline the circumstances under which euthanasia would be ethical. Finally, one must distinguish between letting one die and actively killing them. Health professionals have the option of injecting a lethal drug or provide an overdose as a way of assisting someone to die. This form of euthanasia is active euthanasia, and is illegal in all states in the US. Currently, three states – Washington, Oregon and Montana – allow assisted suicide or withdrawal of treatment. Therefore, even if a health professional believes that it is a patient’s right to choose when and how to die, he must consider the legal implications of the same (Fieser 15). A series of values contradict each other or may be used as ethical prerogatives in euthanasia cases. A health practitioner must tackle the conflicting interests of paternalism versus autonomy. Many supporters of euthanasia claim that patients have the aut onomy to decide when and how they will die. In this case, practitioners must decide whether they respect their patient’s right to self determination more than their right to life. In states where assisted suicide is permissible, practitioners need to know which values are more important. Medial paternalism occurs when health professionals feel that they have the obligation to control patient’s rights irrespective of their wishes. Careful consideration of the patient’s wishes must go hand in hand with the notion that sometimes healthcare professionals know best. Therefore, issues of paternalism must be counterbalance with those of self determination. Concerns about beneficence must also be balanced with maleficence. All medical professionals are under the obligation of doing good (beneficence) and causing no harm (maleficence). In the matter of euthanasia, professionals ought to decide between the overall good of the dying patient and that of other stakeholders. Opponents of euthanasia affirm that the practice would place a lot of pressure on elderly patients to seek assisted death. In a health system where costs are constantly escalating, some family members would eagerly embrace an alternative to costly treatments. This behavior would lead to maleficence. Conversely, other advocates believe that alternatives to euthanasia exist. They affirm that depression and pain management are the key propellants of suicide, and terminating such patients’ lives would be a short cut. Therefore, practitioners who choose these alternatives lead to beneficence in the field of medicine (Keown 33).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The ethical decision maker must consider tensions between the quality of life versus its sanctity. Some individuals assert that performing euthanasia implies that some lives are more valuable than others. Many beliefs te ach that human lives are worth living and that no life is worth destroying. A medical practitioner who holds such beliefs would find it immoral to assist patients in committing suicide as it would be tantamount to playing God. On the flipside, a person may claim not all lives are equal especially during terminal illness. If a person’s body has undergone severe physical deterioration that they have to depend on others for even the most basic functions, then the quality of their life is low. Additionally, the person may lose his or her identity due to mental challenges and unresponsive pain. Adherents of the latter school may accuse the state of violating the sanctity of life by contravening a patient’s right to die. In essence, one person’s theology is another’s transgression. Members of the health profession must weigh overall sentiments on these values and the legal implications of both before they pick a side. Issues of treatment futility (extraordinary treatment) versus ordinary care must also be taken into consideration. Some religious communities advocate for the provision of ordinary care. In essence, the believe that patients have a right to access medical treatment so long as it is not extremely expensive, inconvenient or even painful to the dying patient. In such cases, treatment is futile and could even cause problems to other patients. However such groups call for provision of ordinary care in the form of food and water even in non-responsive patients. The problem with this school of thought is that it is extremely difficult to decide which medical procedures are extraordinary and futile. Dialysis machines may be useful to some dying patients but the same is not true for others. Experimental drugs may be ineffectual to some and useful to others. Therefore, medical practitioners who do not belong to those schools of thought may follow their own path. However, those that do may need to consider continual provision of feedin g tubes and other life-support devices. Overly, professionals should give primacy to legal codes which forbid physician-initiated euthanasia. In states that allow withdrawal or passive euthanasia, a range of ethical values must be balanced depending on the professional’s beliefs. This relate to autonomy, paternalism, maleficence, beneficence, treatment futility, ordinary care, sanctity of life and the quality of life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral and ethical concerns of euthanasia in healthcare specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Fieser, James. Euthanasia: the practice of morality. 2008. Web. http://www.utm.edu/staff/jfieser/class/160/6-euthanasia.htm Keown, John. Euthanasia, ethics and public policy: An argument against legislation. Cambridge: CUP, 202. Print. This essay on Moral and ethical concerns of euthanasia in healthcare was written and submitted by user Cyrus Sharp to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology

Introduction Radio wave technology is the use of airwaves in transmitting and receiving information. It is the foundation of most of our communication in the present day. Radio waves fall under the group of waves termed electromagnetic radiation, which travel at the speed of light (3Ãâ€"108 m/s).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These types of waves (including light, infrared, microwaves and x-rays) are classified based on their wavelengths and frequencies. The frequencies of radio waves lie between 300GHz to 3 kHz with wavelengths of 1mm to 100km. Some of the communication equipments that use radio waves include satellite dishes, radar, radios, television, mobile phones and wireless internet. The use of radio waves for powering electronic devices had not been exploited due to the nature of waves to weaken and dissipate as they spread due to their interaction with other waves and matter. Recently, a growing interest in alternative sources of energy that could provide efficient power in remote and sensitive locations has led to research into radio wave power generation. This paper looks at the history of radio waves and how power can be generated from them and how it can be applied in electronic devices. History and growth of radio wave technology The history of radio waves as medium for transmitting information started way back in the 1860s when James Clerk Maxwell, a physicist from Scotland, envisaged the existence of the waves. His prediction was enhanced in 1886 by Heinrich Rudolph Hertz, a German physicist, who went a notch further to show how variation of electric current could be sent into space as radio waves (Bellis 3). He was able to generate and compute the first waves by using an oscillator for transmitting the waves and a metal loop for detecting them (Parker 3). In 1895 Guglielmo Marconi, from Italy, sent a radio signal over a distance of 100m and received it. He used crafted antenna, transmitter, and condenser and had connections on the ground that could receive the signals. He also sent a wireless signal across the English Channel in 1899(Bellis 5), a distance of 3.5 miles. In addition, Nikola Tesla helped in developing and enhancing wireless radio transmitters.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ships started using wireless telegraphy for sending distress calls while at sea. In 1899, the U.S Army adopted the wireless system and in 1901, the Navy also adopted the system. Lee Deforest invented the space telegraph in the early 1900s where amplifiers were used to strengthen weak signals (Bellis 12). Marconi was able to transmit voice in 1914 over a distance of 50 miles (Bellis 12). Over time, many people aided in developing and enhancing radio wave communicatio n and today we have 4G technologies that send information at very high speeds, besides audio and video streaming. Power generation using radio waves Electromagnetic radiation and photons Electromagnetic waves can be said to have an atomic structure and can either generate or expend energy (â€Å"Electromagnetic waves† par. 7). The electromagnetic radiation, in quantum terms, is said to have photons transporting energy (Joules). A single photon has energy equal to hf. h is Planck’s constant =6.626Ãâ€"10-34 J s and f =frequency of photon v is the velocity of light= 3Ãâ€"108 m/s and ÃŽ » =wavelength of photonAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collection of radio waves energy Radio wave energy can be collected and harnessed using various equipments and components. The generation circuit has components such as antenn a, capacitors, diodes, transistors, inductors and resistors. The antenna is used for receiving the electromagnetic signal. This signal received is then rectified. The rectifying circuit is made of diodes. Once the signal has been rectified, it is boosted before being stored in capacitors. The power stored is used to drive a load or resistor via a switching circuit. Figure 1: Block diagram for ground circuit for capturing radio waves Figure 2: Circuit diagram for capturing and generating power from radio waves MOS transistors are used for switching or controlling the stored power to the load. The source of the MOSFET (for switching) is connected to the storage capacitor with the drain connected to the load. The link between the capacitor and load is created when the voltage of the stored charge is equivalent to the sum of the threshold voltages of both MOSFETs (Ishida et al. 4). Potential of radio wave harvesting Radio wave energy can be efficiently and sufficiently harvested if various factors are considered. These are:Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Using powerful receivers which detect a wide range of frequencies as well as arresting a high concentration of the wasted waves Ensuring energy is obtained at low power density from sensors located far-off from the source for energy obtained varies inversely with distance (1/d2) Ensuring the voltage generated from the source is greater than 0.3V (1 milliwatt) for satisfactory conversion of all incoming wave Using high quality circuits and transistors Applications of the power generated using radio waves Power generated by radio waves is quite small ranging from a few microwatts to hundreds of milliwatts. The power generated can be used in devices such as: LED monitor lights Sensors LCD display thermometer Implants in the biomedical field Charging the battery for cell phones Safety hard hat Possibility of radio waves technology replacing batteries Nowadays, there is a high requirement for efficient energy sources. Furthermore, the sources should be mobile and flexible. Batteries are usually bulky, require regular maintenance and have a limited life and as such require constant replacement. With the rapid advancement in technology where electronic gadgets and devices are continually made smaller and efficient, their energy requirements have decreased over time. Proper harnessing of radio wave energy could provide an alternative source of energy for powering small electrical devices such as sensors. This is through capturing the electricity produced by the radio waves and is depended on how far the transmitter is and the magnitude of the power generated by the transmitter. The power that can be harnessed from these waves is in the range of microwatts to milliwatts which can be sufficient for powering the devices especially in remote locations. Thus, there is a possibility of radio waves technology replacing batteries. Conclusion and personal thought about radio wave technology application in future Energy harnessed from wasted radio waves is small. This energ y may not be adequate to power large electronic devices but technology has been changing very rapidly in the recent years. Many companies are developing gadgets that are very small, thus requiring less power. For example, the mobile phone industry has seen a reduction in the size of the phones but with more installed phone features and applications. Nokia has come up with a harvesting device embedded in a cell phone. This device is able to charge the phone’s battery (Dixon 3). This means that in the future, many miniature gadgets will have been developed which will totally rely on radio frequency energy. Furthermore, radio wave energy will provide a reliable source of energy since the use of cell phones, television, radios and other communication devices is on the rise. Works Cited Bellis, Mary. The Invention of Radio. 2012. Web. Dixon, Bryn. Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting. 2010. Web. Electromagnetic Waves. 2010. Web. Ishida, Makoto, Kazuaki Sawada, Hidekuni Takao, and Min oru Sudo. Power Generation Circuit using Electromagnetic Wave. 2011. Web. Parker, Bev. The History of Radio. Web. This research paper on Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology was written and submitted by user Ernesto C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Laetoli - 3.5 Million Year Old Hominin Footprints

Laetoli - 3.5 Million Year Old Hominin Footprints Laetoli is the name of an archaeological site in northern Tanzania, where the footprints of three homininsancient human ancestors and most likely Australopithecus afarensiswere preserved in the ash fall of a volcanic eruption some 3.63-3.85 million years ago. They represent the oldest hominin footprints yet discovered on the planet.   The Laetoli footprints were discovered in 1976, eroding out of a gully of the Nagarusi river, by team members from Mary Leakeys expedition to the main Laetoli site. Local Environment Laetoli lies in the eastern branch of the Great Rift Valley of eastern Africa, near the Serengeti Plain and not far from Olduvai Gorge. Three and a half million years ago, the region was a mosaic of different ecotones: montane forests, dry and moist woodlands, wooded and unwooded grasslands, all within about 50 km (31 miles) of the footprints. Most Australopithecine sites are located within such regionsplaces with a wide variety of plants and animals nearby. The ash was wet when the hominins walked through it, and their soft print impressions have given scholars in-depth information about the soft tissue and gait of Australopithecines not available from skeletal material. The hominin prints are not the only footprints preserved in the wet ashfall: animals walking through the wet ash included elephants, giraffes, rhinoceroses and a wide variety of extinct mammals. In all there are 16 sites with footprints in Laetoli, the largest of which has 18,000 footprints, representing 17 different families of animals within an area of about 800 square meters (8100 square feet). Laetoli Footprint Descriptions The Laetoli hominin footprints are arranged in two 27.5 meter (89 foot) long trails, created in moist volcanic ash which later hardened because of desiccation and chemical change. Three hominin individuals are represented, called G1, G2, and G3. Apparently, G1 and G2 walked side by side, and G3 followed along behind, stepping on some but not all of the 31 footprints of G2. Based on known ratios of the length of a bipedal foot versus hip height, G1, represented by 38 footprints, was the shortest individual of the three, estimated at 1.26 meters (4.1 feet) or less in height. Individuals G2 and G3 were largerG3 was estimated at 1.4 m (4.6 ft) tall. G2s steps were too obscured by G3s to estimate his/her height. Of the two tracks, G1s footprints are the best preserved; the track with footprints of both G2/G3 proved difficult to read, since they overlapped. A recent study (Bennett 2016) has allowed scholars to identify G3s steps apart from G2 more clearly, and reassess the hominin heightsG1 at 1.3 m (4.2 ft), G3 at 1.53 m (5 ft). Who Made Them? At least two sets of the footprints have been definitely linked to A. afarensis, because, like the fossils of afarensis, the Laetoli footprints do not indicate an opposable great toe. Further, the only hominin associated with Laetoli area at the time is A. afarensis. Some scholars have ventured to argue that the footprints are from an adult male and female (G2 and G3) and a child (G1); others say they were two males and a female. Three dimensional imaging of the tracks reported in 2016 (Bennett et al.) suggests that G1s foot had a different shape and depth of heel, a different hallux abduction and a different definition of the toes. They suggest three possible reasons; G1 is a different hominin from the other two; G1 walked at a different time from G2 and G3 when the ash was sufficiently different in texture, producing differently shaped impressions; or, the differences are a result of foot size / sexual dimorphism. In other words, G1 may have been, as others have argued, a child or a small woman of the same species. While there is some ongoing debate, most researchers believe that the Laetoli footprints show that our Australopithecine ancestors were fully bipedal, and walked in a modern manner, heel first, then toe. Although a recent study (Raichlen et al. 2008) suggests that the speed at which the footprints were made might affect the kind of gait required to make the marks; a later experimental study also led by Raichlen (2010) provides additional support for bipedalism at Laetoli. The Sadiman Volcano and Laetoli The volcanic tuff in which the footprints were made (called the Footprint Tuff or Tuff 7 at Laetoli) is a 12-15 centimeter (4.7-6 inches) thick layer of ash which fell on this region from the eruption of a nearby volcano. The hominins and a wide variety of other animals survived the eruptiontheir footprints in the muddy ash prove thatbut which volcano erupted has not been determined. Until relatively recently, the source of the volcanic tuff was thought to be the Sadiman volcano. Sadiman, located about 20 km (14.4 mi) southeast of Laetoli, is now dormant, but was active between 4.8 and 3.3 million years ago. A recent examination of outflows from Sadiman (Zaitsev et al 2011) showed that the geology of Sadiman does not fit perfectly with the tuff at Laetoli. In 2015, Zaitsev and colleagues confirmed that it was not Sadiman and suggested that the presence of nephelinite in Tuff 7 points to the nearby Mosonic volcano, but admit that there is not conclusive proof as of yet. Preservation Issues At the time of excavation, the footprints were buried between a few cm to 27 cm (11 in) deep. After excavation, they were reburied to preserve them, but the seeds of an acacia tree was buried within the soil and several acacias grew in the region to heights of over two meters before researchers noticed. Investigation showed that although those acacia roots did disturb some of the footprints, burying the footprints was overall a good strategy and did protect much of the trackway. A new conservation technique was begun in 1994 consisting of application of a herbicide to kill all the trees and brush, the placement of biobarrier mesh to inhibit root growth and then a layer of lava boulders. A monitoring trench was installed to keep an eye on the subsurface integrity. See Agnew and colleagues for additional information on the preservation activities. Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com guide to Lower Paleolithic, and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Agnew N, and Demas M. 1998. Preserving the Laetoli foodprints. Scientific American 279(44-55). Barboni D. 2014. Vegetation of Northern Tanzania during the Plio-Pleistocene: A synthesis of the paleobotanical evidences from Laetoli, Olduvai, and Peninj hominin sites. Quaternary International 322–323:264-276. Bennett MR, Harris JWK, Richmond BG, Braun DR, Mbua E, Kiura P, Olago D, Kibunjia M, Omuombo C, Behrensmeyer AK et al. 2009. Early Hominin Foot Morphology Based on 1.5-Million-Year-Old Footprints from Ileret, Kenya. Science 323:1197-1201. Bennett MR, Reynolds SC, Morse SA, and Budka M. 2016. Laetoli’s lost tracks: 3D generated mean shape and missing footprints. Scientific Reports 6:21916. Crompton RH, Pataky TC, Savage R, DAoà »t K, Bennett MR, Day MH, Bates K, Morse S, and Sellers WI. 2012. Human-like external function of the foot, and fully upright gait, confirmed in the 3.66 million year old Laetoli hominin footprints by topographic statistics, experimental footprint-formation and computer simulation. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9(69):707-719. Feibel CS, Agnew N, Latimer B, Demas M, Marshall F, Waane SAC, and Schmid P. 1995. The Laetoli Hominid footprintsA preliminary report on the conservation and scientific restudy. Evolutionary Anthropology 4(5):149-154. Johanson DC, and White TD. 1979. A systematic assessment of early African hominids. Science 203(4378):321-330. Kimbel WH, Lockwood CA, Ward CV, Leakey MG, Rak Y, and Johanson DC. 2006. Was Australopithecus anamensis ancestral to A. afarensis? A case of anagenesis in the hominin fossil record. Journal of Human Evolution 51:134-152. Leakey MD, and Hay RL. 1979. Pliocene footprints in the Laetolil Beds at Laetoli, northern Tanzania. Nature 278(5702):317-323. Raichlen DA, Gordon AD, Harcourt-Smith WEH, Foster AD, and Haas WR, Jr. 2010. Laetoli Footprints Preserve Earliest Direct Evidence of Human-Like Bipedal Biomechanics. PLoS ONE 5(3):e9769. Raichlen DA, Pontzer H, and Sockol MD. 2008. The Laetoli footprints and early hominin locomotor kinematics. Journal of Human Evolution 54(1):112-117. Su DF, and Harrison T. 2015. The paleoecology of the Upper Laetolil Beds, Laetoli Tanzania: A review and synthesis. Journal of African Earth Sciences 101:405-419. Tuttle RH, Webb DM, and Baksh M. 1991. Laetoli toes and Australopithecus afarensis. Human Evolution 6(3):193-200. Zaitsev AN, Spratt J, Sharygin VV, Wenzel T, Zaitseva OA, and Markl G. 2015. Mineralogy of the Laetolil Footprint Tuff: A comparison with possible volcanic sources from the Crater Highlands and Gregory Rift. Journal of African Earth Sciences 111:214-221. Zaitsev AN, Wenzel T, Spratt J, Williams TC, Strekopytov S, Sharygin VV, Petrov SV, Golovina TA, Zaitseva EO, and Markl G. 2011. Was Sadiman volcano a source for the Laetoli Footprint Tuff? Journal of Human Evolution 61(1):121-124.

Renaissance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Renaissance - Essay Example His history reveals those factors which played a major role in the lives of Florentines as they stood on the threshold of the Renaissance. The Chronicle of Giovanni Villani demonstrates that Florence exemplified Renaissance Italy with its emphasis on commerce and the advancement of artistic creativity and was greatly affected by the devastation caused by the plague. Villani’s account of Florence as a thriving commercial center demonstrates that it was this economic prosperity which was one of the driving factors of the Renaissance in Italy. As typical of Renaissance Italian city-states, Florence is a flourishing center of commerce and an integral part of the trade network with the Eastern Empire. As fitting in any description of a commercial center, Villani holds â€Å"the income and expenditure of the commune of Florence in this period† to be one of the â€Å"great features of our city† (41). He goes on to give a detailed account of the income generated by the c ity’s manufacturing guilds, which are obviously the power houses of Florence’s economy and the foundation of its wealth and power. Villani demonstrates the dominance of the city’s largest industry, the woolen cloth makers by asserting that their workshops â€Å"were 200 or more, and they made from 70,000 to 80,000 pieces of cloth which were worth more than 1,200,000 gold florins --- and more than 30,000 persons lived by it† (42). In addition to the manufacture of cloth, the importers and sellers of Transapline cloth â€Å"imported yearly more than 10,000 pieces of cloth, worth 300,000 gold florins† (42). Villani glosses over the noble magnates and knights and gives the greater importance to the merchants, mercers, bankers, bakers, stone and carpentry masters and â€Å"many other masters in many crafts† (42) who make up the guilds. This supports our knowledge of Renaissance Florence, in which the members of a craft or merchant organization fo rmed the commune which wielded authority over the political and economic affairs of the city. Villani confirms the erosion of the power of the traditional landed aristocracy in the Italian Renaissance, saying, â€Å"but from the time that the people began to rule, the magnates no longer had the status and authority enjoyed earlier† (41). Villani makes it clear that it is the members of the manufacturing guilds and professionals who are at the top of the social hierarchy. Renaissance Florence’s dominant position in the trade network is supported by Villani’s account of the city’s ability to meet the famine. Unlike other towns which ejected their beggars at this time of want, â€Å"the commune of Florence --- received and provided for a large fraction of the poor mendicants of all Tuscany† (39). The commune arranges for grain to be bought from Sicily and the regions surrounding the city (Romagna and Arezzo), to be transported at great expense and use d to feed all the citizens. Villani pays tribute to Florence’s economic power by asserting that â€Å"in mitigation of this famine the commune of Florence spent in those two years more than sixty thousand golden florins† (39). Villani’s chronicle bears testimony to economic power and trade being the main cause for Florence’